| Origin | Required for cellular energy production. |
| Benefits | Antioxidant, Energy Production, Collagen Synthesis, Anti-inflammatory. |
| Side Effects | Skin Irritation, Acne Breakouts, Sensitive to Sunlight |
| Synergy | Good with Other Antioxidant such as Vitamin C or Vitamin E. Good with HA or Retinol too. |
| Optimal pH Level | 5.5 to 7.0 |
| Avoid With | Benzoyl Peroxide, AHAs, Retinol (for sensitive skin), Salicylic Acid, High Concentration Vitamin C |
| Skin Compatibility | Rank : 4 |
| Alternatives | Antioxidants such as Vitamins C, E, or EGCG, Niacinamide. |
| Can Be Found In | Serums, Creams, Masks, Eye Creams, Sun screen |
| Vegan Status | Synthetically produced, or plant-based. |
Coenzyme Q10
Coenzyme Q10 as a topical ingredient has been proven to be vital in maintaining skin health. It is endogenously synthesized lipid-soluble antioxidant that's essential for cells to produce energy. However, the Coenzyme Q10 level in the skin diminish with age, and under influence of external stress factors.
History
The compound, synthesized endogenously in the human body, is a lipid-soluble antioxidant. This is important for cells to function, and product energy, and this discovery of this role paved a way for further research.
Formulation Advances
Over the recent years, we've seen some significant advances in the formulation of Coenzyme Q10, even though it was mainly as a supplement, for topical application. Research has focused on enhancing lipsomal Coenzyme Q10 and other beneficial formulations to increase its absorption, and effectiveness on skin.
Clinical Studies and Evidence
Topical Conezyme Q10 has been supported by various studies. They highlighted its benefits when increasing Coenzyme Q10 levels on the skin. This enhances cell functions, and energy productions on skin, which, in return, provides antioxidant protection.
Chemical Structure
Its chemical structure is consisted with a benzoquinone head group linked to a long, hydrophobic isoprenisoprenoid side chain. This chain contains 10 isoprene units, as the name Coenzyme "Q10".
Functional Groups
At the core of tis structure, the benzoquinone head group is located. It contains two two hydroxyl groups (-OH) and a double bond (C=C). Their functions are crucial for CoQ10's antioxidant activity.
Isoprenoid Side Chain
Its isoprenoid side chain plays a crucial role in its biological function. This hydrophobic tail anchors CoQ10 within the lipid bilayer of cellular membranes, and positions it in electron transport for cellular respiration.
Benefits
Antioxidant Properties
Coenzyme Q10 serves as a potent antioxidant in the skin by neutralizing free radicals generated by stressors such as UV radiation, pollution or oxidation.
Energy Production
CoQ10 also contributes to ATP synthesis (the primary energy currency of cells). It works by facilitating the transfer of electrons, and protons. In the skin cell, this energy production is crucial to maintain cellular function, and repair processes. This, in return, promotes overall skin vitality.
Collagen Synthesis
CoQ10 improves skin firmness, and reduce wrinkle, and fine line formations. This leads to smoother, and more youthful skin.
Anti-inflammatory Effects
Coenzyme Q10 exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in the skin by modulating inflammatory pathways. It also interferes the production of pro-inflammatory molecules, whcih, in return, helps sooth skin inflammation and redness.
Side Effects
Skin Irritation
Some individuals may experience irritation or rarely develop allergic reactions upon use. Such effects can range from mild discomfort like subtle redness or fleeting itching to stronger reactions with burning or a lingering stinging sensation. Those predisposed by sensitive skin or a history of allergies are likely at higher risk. However, discontinuing use typically resolves any issues safely.
Acne Breakouts
CoQ10 may exacerbate acne or lead to breakouts. Even though it is r are, it can happen quite often on oily or acne-prone skin if the product contains comedogenic ingredients, or CoQ10 itself causes pore clogging.
Sensitivity to Sunlight
Topical CoQ10 has a risk of increasing sun sensitivity. This potentially leads to sunburns, or other side effects. Sunscreen is beneficial if you are on CoQ10.
Ingredient Compatibility
CoQ10 may interact with some skincare ingredients or medicines. This potentially lead to adverse effects (e.g. CoQ10 + Retinoids, or AHAs). Some combination could increase the risk of irritation, or sensitivity, especially for sensitive, dry skin.
Synergy
CoQ10 often shows remarkable synergy with various skincare ingredients. Some known antioxidants such as vitamin e or vitamin c can enhance their effects with CoQ10.
Vitamin E
Both are potent antioxidants that work better when combined. This synergy beats oxidative stress, and protects the skin from the environmental stress such as UV rays, pollution, or air quality. Both work synergistically by neutralizing free radicals, and reduce inflammation, which, in return, promotes skin repair.
Vitamin C
Vitamin C enhances the brightening, and firming effects on skin. This effect is often doubled with CoQ10. Vitamin C is good for collagen synthesis, and CoQ10 supports cells to function.
Hyaluronic Acid
While CoQ10 supports cells to function properly, and produce energy (ATP), hyaluronic acid (HA) attracts, and keeps moisture. This ensures optimal hydration on skin for smoother, and more supple skin texture.
Retinol (Vitamin A)
Retinol stimulates collagen production, and cell turnover. CoQ10 provides antioxidant protection, and support cellular metabolism for retinol to work more efficiently.
Green Tea Extract
Green tea extract also known as EGCG has a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that works like a complementary function for CoQ10 to neutralize free radicals, and reduce inflammations.
Peptides
Peptides stimulate collagen synthesis on skin, and support skin renewal. CoQ10 provides energy to promote cellular repair, and antioxidant defense. The pair plays a crucial role in improved elasticity, and resilience.
Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)
Niacinamide regulates sebum production in skin, and minimizes pore sizes. It also improves skin texture, while CoQ10 enhances cellular energy, and antioxidant protection. The synergy can provide a more balanced, and even-toned skin.
Optimal pH Levels
Optimal Range
It is most effective within a pH range between 5.5 and 7.0. This is slightly acidic to the neutral range. CoQ10 maintains its structure integrity, and bioavailability within this range.
pH Stability Considerations
Higher pH levels can interfere with Coenzyme Q10 over time, reducing its efficacy in skincare products. Conversely, low pH levels may destabilize the product formulation or cause irritation and sensitiveness.
Avoid With
Benzoyl Peroxide
Benzoyl peroxide is effective at treating acne, and reducing excessive oiliness. However, it can interfere with CoQ10 by oxidizing CoQ10 molecules, and potentially diminishing its efficacy.
Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs)
AHAs with CoQ10 often alter the pH levels on skin, and interfere formulation stability. The efficacy of CoQ10 may not be effective with AHAs, increasing the risk of skin irritation, and sensitiveness.
Retinoids (Retinol, Retin-A)
While both retinoids and CoQ10 offer anti-aging benefits, combining them may lead to increased skin sensitivity, irritation, or oxidative stress due to their potential to interact.
Salicylic Acid
Similar to AHAs, combining salicylic acid with CoQ10 may disrupt the pH balance of the skin or compromise the stability of the formulation.
High-Concentration Vitamin C (L-Ascorbic Acid)
While vitamin C offers antioxidant benefits similar to CoQ10, combining high-concentration L-ascorbic acid with CoQ10 may lead to oxidative reactions or instability.
Harsh Physical Exfoliants
When used in conjunction with CoQ10-containing products, these abrasive exfoliants may exacerbate irritation or compromise the skin's ability to benefit from CoQ10's antioxidant and anti-aging properties.
Tips
Choose Stable Formulations
Look for air-tight packaging, opaque containers, and products formulated with stabilizing ingredients to preserve the potency of CoQ10.
Combine with Compatible Ingredients
Pair CoQ10 with compatible skincare ingredients to enhance its efficacy and address specific skin concerns. Ingredients like vitamin E, vitamin C, hyaluronic acid, and peptides complement CoQ10's antioxidant properties and support overall skin health.
Use Sunscreen During the Day
Since Coenzyme Q10 may increase sensitivity to sunlight in some individuals, it's essential to use sunscreen with a high SPF during the day when using CoQ10-containing products.
For Each Skin Type
Normal Skin
- Use CoQ10 as a Preventive Measure: Individuals with normal skin can incorporate CoQ10 into their skincare routine to maintain skin health and prevent premature aging. CoQ10's antioxidant properties help neutralize free radicals and protect the skin from environmental damage.
- Choose Lightweight Formulations: Opt for lightweight serums or moisturizers containing CoQ10 that absorb quickly into the skin without feeling heavy or greasy.
Dry Skin
- Hydrating Formulations: Look for CoQ10 products with hydrating ingredients such as hyaluronic acid or glycerin to replenish moisture and prevent dryness. CoQ10 can help improve skin hydration and barrier function, reducing the appearance of dry, flaky skin.
- Richer Textures: Consider using richer formulations, such as creamy moisturizers or facial oils, that provide intense hydration and nourishment for dry skin types.
Oily or Acne-Prone Skin
- Non-Comedogenic Formulations: Choose oil-free or non-comedogenic CoQ10 products to avoid clogging pores and exacerbating acne breakouts. Look for lightweight, gel-based formulations that won't feel heavy on the skin.
- Combine with Acne-Fighting Ingredients: Pair CoQ10 with acne-fighting ingredients like salicylic acid or niacinamide to address excess oil production and minimize the appearance of blemishes while still benefiting from CoQ10's antioxidant properties.
Combination Skin
- rBalancing Formulations: Use CoQ10 products that strike a balance between hydration and oil control to address the needs of both dry and oily areas. Look for formulations that hydrate dry patches while mattifying shine in the T-zone.
- Targeted Application: Apply CoQ10 products specifically to areas of concern, such as dry cheeks or oily forehead and nose, to provide customized care for different parts of the face.
Sensitive Skin
- Gentle Formulations: Choose CoQ10 products formulated for sensitive skin, free from harsh ingredients like fragrances, dyes, or alcohol, which can trigger irritation or inflammation.
- Patch Test: Perform a patch test before using CoQ10 products on sensitive skin to ensure compatibility and minimize the risk of adverse reactions.
Aging or Mature Skin
- Anti-Aging Benefits: Incorporate CoQ10 into your skincare routine to combat signs of aging such as fine lines, wrinkles, and loss of elasticity. CoQ10's antioxidant properties help protect against oxidative stress and promote collagen production for firmer, more youthful-looking skin.
- Combine with Other Anti-Aging Ingredients: Pair CoQ10 with other anti-aging ingredients like retinol, vitamin C, or peptides to enhance its efficacy and address multiple signs of aging simultaneously.
Alternatives to CoQ10
| Coenzyme Q10 Alternatives | Description |
| Vitamin E (Tocopherol) | Like CoQ10, vitamin E is a potent antioxidant that helps protect the skin from oxidative stress and environmental damage. It also supports skin barrier function and promotes healing. |
| Vitamin C (L-Ascorbic Acid) | Vitamin C offers antioxidant properties similar to CoQ10 and helps brighten the skin, even out skin tone, and stimulate collagen production. It's effective in reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. |
| Resveratrol | Resveratrol is a polyphenol found in grapes and red wine. It possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, helping to protect the skin from UV damage and promote skin rejuvenation. |
| Green Tea Extract | Green tea extract contains catechins, powerful antioxidants that protect the skin from free radical damage and soothe inflammation. It's beneficial for calming sensitive skin and reducing redness. |
| Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) | Niacinamide offers multiple benefits for the skin, including improving skin texture, reducing pore size, and enhancing barrier function. It also has anti-inflammatory properties and helps regulate oil production. |
| Peptides | Peptides are short chains of amino acids that support collagen production, improve skin elasticity, and reduce the appearance of wrinkles. They help rejuvenate and firm the skin, similar to CoQ10. |
| Retinoids (Retinol, Retinaldehyde, Retinoic Acid) | Retinoids are derivatives of vitamin A that stimulate cell turnover, promote collagen synthesis, and diminish signs of aging. They're effective in smoothing skin texture and reducing hyperpigmentation. |
| Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs) | AHAs like glycolic acid and lactic acid exfoliate the skin, removing dead skin cells and promoting cell turnover. They help improve skin tone, texture, and overall radiance. |
| Hyaluronic Acid | Hyaluronic acid is a humectant that attracts and retains moisture in the skin, providing hydration and plumping effects. It helps maintain skin suppleness and smoothness. |
| Ceramides | Ceramides are lipids that help strengthen the skin barrier and prevent moisture loss. They're essential for maintaining skin hydration and protecting against environmental aggressors. |
In Each Product Form
Serums
- Penetrates Deeply: CoQ10 in serum form is lightweight and easily absorbed into the skin, allowing it to penetrate deeply and deliver its antioxidant and energizing benefits to the underlying layers of the skin.
- Antioxidant Protection: Serums containing CoQ10 help neutralize free radicals, protect against environmental damage, and minimize the signs of premature aging caused by oxidative stress.
- Boosts Collagen Production: CoQ10 stimulates collagen synthesis, promoting skin firmness and elasticity. In serum formulations, it helps improve skin texture and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
Moisturizers
- Hydration and Nourishment: CoQ10-infused moisturizers provide hydration and nourishment to the skin, helping to maintain optimal moisture levels and prevent dryness.
- Barrier Support: Coenzyme Q10 supports the skin's natural barrier function, enhancing its ability to retain moisture and protect against environmental aggressors.
- Anti-Aging Benefits: Moisturizers containing CoQ10 offer anti-aging benefits by reducing the appearance of wrinkles, improving skin elasticity, and promoting a more youthful complexion.
Eye Creams
- Reduces Dark Circles: CoQ10 in eye creams helps reduce the appearance of dark circles by improving circulation and brightening the under-eye area.
- Minimizes Puffiness: Coenzyme Q10 has anti-inflammatory properties that help reduce puffiness and swelling around the eyes, resulting in a more refreshed and rejuvenated appearance.
- Smooths Fine Lines: Eye creams containing CoQ10 target fine lines and wrinkles, firming and tightening the delicate skin around the eyes for a more youthful look.
Masks
- Deeply Nourishes: CoQ10-infused masks deeply nourish the skin, providing it with essential nutrients and antioxidants for improved health and vitality.
- Revitalizes: Coenzyme Q10 revitalizes tired and dull-looking skin, restoring its natural radiance and glow.
- Soothes and Calms: Masks containing CoQ10 have soothing and calming properties, making them suitable for sensitive or irritated skin types.
Sunscreens
- Antioxidant Protection: CoQ10 in sunscreens provides additional antioxidant protection against UV-induced free radical damage, helping to prevent sunburn, premature aging, and skin cancer.
- Counteracts UV Damage: Coenzyme Q10 helps counteract the oxidative stress caused by UV exposure, minimizing the harmful effects of UV radiation on the skin.
- Supports Skin Repair: Sunscreens with CoQ10 support skin repair processes, helping to minimize the long-term effects of sun damage and maintain healthy, youthful-looking skin.
Vegan Status
- Synthetic Sources: CoQ10 can be synthetically produced through fermentation processes, which do not involve animal-derived ingredients. CoQ10 synthesized in this manner is considered vegan-friendly as it does not rely on animal products.
- Plant-Based Sources: Some companies may derive CoQ10 from plant-based sources, such as yeast or bacteria cultures. CoQ10 obtained from these sources is generally vegan, as it does not involve the use of animal-derived materials.
Incorporating to Your Routine
Morning Routine
- Cleanse: Start your morning by cleansing your face with a gentle cleanser to remove any impurities or residue from the night before. Pat your skin dry with a clean towel.
- Tone: Apply a hydrating toner to balance your skin's pH levels and prepare it for the subsequent skincare steps. Allow the toner to absorb fully into your skin.
- Serum with CoQ10: After toning, apply a CoQ10 serum to your face and neck. CoQ10 serums typically contain a higher concentration of the ingredient, allowing it to penetrate deeply into the skin and provide antioxidant protection.
- Moisturize: Follow up with a lightweight moisturizer containing SPF for daytime protection against UV rays. Look for a moisturizer that complements the benefits of CoQ10 and provides hydration without feeling heavy on the skin.
- Sunscreen: Finish off your morning routine by applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher to protect your skin from sun damage. Sunscreen is essential, especially when using CoQ10, as it can increase sensitivity to sunlight.
Night Routine
- Double Cleanse: Begin your night routine with a double cleanse to thoroughly remove makeup, sunscreen, and any buildup from the day. Start with an oil-based cleanser to dissolve makeup and follow up with a water-based cleanser to cleanse the skin.
- Tone: Apply a hydrating toner to rebalance your skin's pH levels after cleansing and prepare it for the absorption of subsequent skincare products.
- Serum with CoQ10: Use a CoQ10 serum again in your nighttime routine to provide your skin with antioxidant protection and support its natural repair processes while you sleep.
- Treatment Products: If you use any treatment products such as retinoids or chemical exfoliants, apply them after your CoQ10 serum and allow them to absorb fully before proceeding to the next step.
- Moisturize: Finish off your nighttime routine by applying a nourishing night cream or sleeping mask to lock in moisture and provide overnight hydration and repair.
- Eye Cream: Don't forget to apply an eye cream containing CoQ10 or other beneficial ingredients to the delicate skin around your eyes. Gently pat the eye cream onto the orbital bone using your ring finger.
Difference From Other Antioxidants
| Antioxidant | Mechanism of Action | Key Differences |
| Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) | - Neutralizes free radicals, reducing oxidative stress | - Plays a crucial role in cellular energy production |
| - Supports collagen production and skin repair | - Naturally present in the body, declines with age | |
| - Enhances cellular energy metabolism | - Lipophilic antioxidant, can penetrate skin barrier effectively | |
| Vitamin E (Tocopherol) | - Neutralizes free radicals, protecting cell membranes | - Lipophilic antioxidant, primarily protects cell membranes from lipid peroxidation |
| - Enhances skin hydration and barrier function | - Works synergistically with vitamin C and CoQ10 to boost antioxidant effects | |
| - Reduces inflammation and UV-induced damage | - Offers photoprotection against UVB radiation, preventing sunburn and photoaging | |
| Vitamin C (L-Ascorbic Acid) | - Neutralizes free radicals, regenerates vitamin E | - Hydrophilic antioxidant, helps protect against water-soluble free radicals |
| - Stimulates collagen synthesis and brightens the skin | - Supports wound healing and reduces hyperpigmentation, promoting a more even skin tone | |
| - Improves skin texture and reduces fine lines | - Enhances the effectiveness of sunscreen, providing additional protection against UV damage | |
| Resveratrol | - Exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties | - Derived from plants like grapes, red wine, and berries, known for their high resveratrol content |
| - Protects against UV-induced damage and photoaging | - Helps regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis, supporting overall skin health | |
| - Enhances collagen synthesis and skin firmness | - Offers cardioprotective and neuroprotective effects, contributing to overall health and well-being | |
| Green Tea Extract | - Contains polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant properties | - Provides potent protection against free radicals and environmental damage |
| - Reduces inflammation and soothes irritated skin | - Inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), enzymes responsible for collagen degradation, promoting skin firmness | |
| - Inhibits UV-induced DNA damage and photoaging | - Supports wound healing and helps alleviate symptoms of conditions like acne and rosacea |
Misconceptions
CoQ10 is Only Effective as an Oral Supplement
While CoQ10 is widely known for its benefits when taken orally as a dietary supplement, numerous studies have demonstrated its efficacy when applied topically to the skin. Topical CoQ10 can penetrate the skin barrier, providing antioxidant protection and supporting cellular energy production directly to the skin cells.
CoQ10 Can Reverse Existing Wrinkles and Signs of Aging Overnight:
While CoQ10 offers significant antioxidant and anti-aging benefits for the skin, it's important to manage expectations. Consistent use of CoQ10-containing skincare products over time can help improve skin texture, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote overall skin health. However, visible results may take weeks or even months to manifest, and individual outcomes may vary.
All CoQ10 Products are Created Equal
Not all CoQ10 products are formulated or sourced equally. The efficacy of topical CoQ10 depends on factors such as concentration, stability, formulation, and ingredient synergy. It's essential to choose high-quality products with stable formulations and adequate concentrations of CoQ10 to ensure optimal results.
CoQ10 is Suitable for All Skin Types and Conditions
While CoQ10 is generally well-tolerated by most skin types, individual responses may vary. Some individuals with sensitive or reactive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions to CoQ10-containing products. It's important to perform a patch test and monitor skin reactions when incorporating CoQ10 into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or specific skin concerns.
More CoQ10 Means Better Results
Formulations with optimal concentrations of CoQ10, combined with complementary ingredients and appropriate delivery systems, are more important for efficacy. Excessive concentrations of CoQ10 may lead to product instability or increased risk of irritation without providing additional benefits.
People Also Ask About Ubiquinone Coenzyme Q 10
A: Yes, CoQ10-infused lip care products can provide antioxidant protection and hydration to the delicate skin of the lips. CoQ10 helps combat oxidative stress and promotes cellular energy production, contributing to smoother, more nourished lips and reducing the appearance of fine lines.
A: CoQ10's antioxidant properties may help improve blood circulation and support overall skin health, which could potentially contribute to the reduction of spider veins or broken capillaries over time.
A: Yes, topical CoQ10 is generally considered safe for use on sensitive areas such as the eye contour or bikini line. However, it's essential to choose gentle formulations specifically designed for delicate skin areas.
A: While CoQ10 may offer some benefits for skin texture and hydration, there is limited scientific evidence to support its effectiveness in treating specific skin conditions such as keratosis pilaris or folliculitis.
Recommended Products
(!) We are not affiliated with the brand listed below. We measure carefully to find the best ones.
For Aging Skin
Eucerin Q10 Anti-Wrinkle Face Cream ($12)
Specifically formulated to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles with CoQ10, making it ideal for aging skin. This cream is rich yet suitable for sensitive skin types.
For Dry Skin
Nivea Q10 Plus C Anti-Wrinkle + Energy Day Cream SPF 15 ($22.80)
This day cream not only addresses wrinkles with CoQ10 but also includes Vitamin C for antioxidant protection and SPF for sun damage prevention, catering to dry skin needing extra moisture and protection.
For Oily and Acne-Prone Skin
The INKEY List Q10 Serum ($10)
A lightweight serum that won't clog pores, making it perfect for oily and acne-prone skin. It delivers CoQ10's antioxidant benefits without adding excess oil or shine.
For Sensitive Skin
Eucerin Q10 Anti-Wrinkle Face Cream ($12)
Also recommended for sensitive skin, this cream combines CoQ10 with gentle moisturizing ingredients to nourish the skin while minimizing the risk of irritation.
For Sun-Damaged Skin
Nivea Q10 Plus C Anti-Wrinkle + Energy Day Cream SPF 15 ($22.80)
It's beneficial for sun-damaged skin as well, offering the healing properties of CoQ10 along with Vitamin C and SPF to protect against and repair UV damage.
For Combination Skin
Paula's Choice Resist Super Antioxidant Concentrate Serum ($44)
This serum is excellent for combination skin, offering a blend of antioxidants, including CoQ10, to fight signs of aging without making the skin feel greasy or dry.
For Normal Skin
Indie Lee CoQ-10 Toner ($38)
A hydrating toner that balances and soothes normal skin while providing the antioxidant benefits of CoQ10. It's gentle and perfect for a daily skincare routine.
For Hyperpigmentation
Murad Environmental Shield Essential-C Day Moisture SPF 30 ($69)
While focusing on protection against environmental damage, this moisturizer contains CoQ10, Vitamin C, and SPF to help reduce and prevent the appearance of hyperpigmentation in all skin types.
For Firming and Elasticity
Juice Beauty Stem Cellular Anti-Wrinkle Moisturizer ($70)
Featuring a blend of fruit stem cells, Vitamin C, and CoQ10, this moisturizer is designed to improve skin firmness and elasticity, making it ideal for mature skin types.
